Platform intelligence

Amapulatifomu

Isimo sezifunda ze-Amazon, i-Temu, i-Shopee, i-TikTok Shop nezinye, kanye nenkombandlela yamapulatifomu e-Top-5 asele ngesifunda.

Amapulatifomu ezifunda eziningi

Amapulatifomu afinyelela ku-Top 5 ezifundeni ezimbili noma ngaphezulu, aqhathaniswa nge-GMV / isabelo / ukukhula.

Platform

Amazon

Isiteshi sokuqala eNyakatho Melika sezigaba zonke, ithrafikhi nokugcwaliseka kwe-FBA kuvuthiwe kakhulu; kufanelekile kubathengisi benkambiso/be-fektri abanochungechunge lokuhlinzekwa namandla ezimali; izindleko ziphezulu, umncintiswano unzima, akusona isango eliphansi.

Ikhona ezifundeni ezingu-8: i-North America, i-Europe, i-Japan, i-India, i-Southeast Asia, i-Australia / i-NZ, i-Latin America, i-MEA

Izifunda8
Platform

eBay

I-marketplace ye-niche yezinto ezisetshenzisiwe/ezilungisiwe/ezokuqoqa nezingxenye zezimoto, isithiyo sokungena siphansi, izindleko ziphakathi; kufanelekile kubathengisi bezigaba ezinde (long-tail) nezothando lwemikhiqizo, akufanelekile empi yamanani yemikhiqizo emisha ejwayelekile.

Ikhona ezifundeni ezingu-2: i-North America, i-Australia / i-NZ

Izifunda2
Platform

Temu

Inkundla yamanani aphansi kakhulu ewela imingcele, i-full-managed ifanelekile kubathengisi be-fektri/bochungechunge lokuhlinzekwa, i-semi-managed ifanelekile kubathengisi abanendawo yokugcina yasendaweni; amandla amanani anamandla kodwa izingozi zokulawulwa nokuthobela imithetho ziphezulu kakhulu, ivelu yebrendi ibuthakathaka.

Ikhona ezifundeni ezingu-4: i-North America, i-Europe, i-Korea, i-Australia / i-NZ

Izifunda4
Platform

TikTok Shop

I-social/live commerce ekhula ngokushesha kakhulu e-US (2025 +68%), kufanelekile kubathengisi bezimonyo nezingubo abanensiza yokuqukethwe/abathonya (influencers); ukungaqiniseki kwenqubomgomo nokulawulwa kobungozi kuphezulu, kudingeka ukusebenza okuqinile.

Ikhona ezifundeni ezingu-2: i-North America, i-Southeast Asia

Izifunda2
Platform

AliExpress

Inkundla ehamba phambili yokuwela imingcele ye-Alibaba, i-full-managed Choice yokwanda + i-semi-managed/Local+ yokwenziwa kwasendaweni, kufanelekile kubathengisi bochungechunge lokuhlinzekwa lwaseShayina nakubathengisi abanendawo yokugcina yase-EU; inhlawulo ye-DSA engu-€550M nentela yamaphasela engu-€3 kuhlela kabusha imodeli yokuthunyelwa ngqo, isithiyo sokuthobela imithetho sikhuphuke kakhulu.

Ikhona ezifundeni ezingu-2: i-Europe, i-Korea

Izifunda2
Platform

Shopee

Inkundla yezhalofu yomphakathi eyokuqala ngethrafikhi nesabelo emazweni ayisithupha aseSoutheast Asia, kufanelekile kubathengisi abancane naphakathi bokwanda ngobuningi; ukukhushulwa kwezindleko okuqhubekayo nokucindezelwa yi-TikTok Shop yizinto eziguquguqukayo eziyinhloko, iBrazil iyikhoja lesibili lokukhula.

Ikhona ezifundeni ezingu-2: i-Southeast Asia, i-Latin America

Izifunda2

All platforms (A–Z)

All 40 platforms come with a merchant-facing analysis: entry requirements, fees, traffic, logistics, payments, compliance, risks and the sellers they fit best.

Platform

Amazon

Isiteshi sokuqala eNyakatho Melika sezigaba zonke, ithrafikhi nokugcwaliseka kwe-FBA kuvuthiwe kakhulu; kufanelekile kubathengisi benkambiso/be-fektri abanochungechunge lokuhlinzekwa namandla ezimali; izindleko ziphezulu, umncintiswano unzima, akusona isango eliphansi.

Ikhona ezifundeni ezingu-8: i-North America, i-Europe, i-Japan, i-India, i-Southeast Asia, i-Australia / i-NZ, i-Latin America, i-MEA

Izifunda8
Platform

Shopify

Inhloko yengqalasizinda yamasayithi azimele/DTC, kufanelekile kubathengisi abanebrendi namandla okuphatha ithrafikhi yabo; inkundla ayihlinzeki ngetrafikhi, izindleko zokuthola amakhasimende zithwalwa ngumthengisi uqobo, kufanelekile ekwakheni ukuthenga okuphindwayo nasekugcineni amakhasimende akho.

Ikhona ezifundeni ezingu-1: i-North America

Izifunda1
Platform

Walmart

I-marketplace yesithathu e-US, inzuzo yazo zonke iziteshi + izinto zokudla, izindleko ziphansi kakhulu kune-Amazon; kufanelekile kubathengisi abavuthiwe abawela imingcele abanekhaya lokugcina e-US/amandla okugcwaliseka kwasendaweni, kodwa i-ecosystem isabuthakathaka.

Ikhona ezifundeni ezingu-1: i-North America

Izifunda1
Platform

eBay

I-marketplace ye-niche yezinto ezisetshenzisiwe/ezilungisiwe/ezokuqoqa nezingxenye zezimoto, isithiyo sokungena siphansi, izindleko ziphakathi; kufanelekile kubathengisi bezigaba ezinde (long-tail) nezothando lwemikhiqizo, akufanelekile empi yamanani yemikhiqizo emisha ejwayelekile.

Ikhona ezifundeni ezingu-2: i-North America, i-Australia / i-NZ

Izifunda2
Platform

Temu

Inkundla yamanani aphansi kakhulu ewela imingcele, i-full-managed ifanelekile kubathengisi be-fektri/bochungechunge lokuhlinzekwa, i-semi-managed ifanelekile kubathengisi abanendawo yokugcina yasendaweni; amandla amanani anamandla kodwa izingozi zokulawulwa nokuthobela imithetho ziphezulu kakhulu, ivelu yebrendi ibuthakathaka.

Ikhona ezifundeni ezingu-4: i-North America, i-Europe, i-Korea, i-Australia / i-NZ

Izifunda4
Platform

TikTok Shop

I-social/live commerce ekhula ngokushesha kakhulu e-US (2025 +68%), kufanelekile kubathengisi bezimonyo nezingubo abanensiza yokuqukethwe/abathonya (influencers); ukungaqiniseki kwenqubomgomo nokulawulwa kobungozi kuphezulu, kudingeka ukusebenza okuqinile.

Ikhona ezifundeni ezingu-2: i-North America, i-Southeast Asia

Izifunda2
Platform

Zalando

Inkundla yokuqala yefashini eYurophu, kufanelekile kubathengisi befashini/ezemidlalo/izimonyo abanegunya lebrendi, abakwazi ukwamukela izinga eliphezulu lokubuyiswa kwempahla; amalungu e-Plus + ingqalasizinda ye-B2B iwumgodla wokuzivikela, kodwa esigabeni samanani aphansi kudonselwa i-Temu/Shein.

Ikhona ezifundeni ezingu-1: i-Europe

Izifunda1
Platform

Allegro

I-marketplace yokuqala ePoland, inwebela eMpumalanga Ephakathi Yurophu (CEE), kufanelekile kubathengisi bamanani aphansi naphakathi abagxile emakethe yasePoland ne-CEE; amalungu e-Smart! + i-Allegro Pay + amakhabethe amaphasela (parcel lockers) akha umjikelezo ovalekile wokugcina amakhasimende, kodwa ukuncika emakethe eyodwa nokuhamba kancane kwamazwe ngamazwe kungobuthakathaka.

Ikhona ezifundeni ezingu-1: i-Europe

Izifunda1
Platform

Vinted

Inhloko ye-C2C yefashini esetshenzisiwe eYurophu, abathengisi abakhokhi lutho, abathengi bakhokha imali yokuvikeleka, kufanelekile kubantu abangabantu/amabhizinisi amancane ukuze bahlanze isitoko sefashini ngaphandle kwezindleko; kodwa imali yokuvikeleka inengxabano yokulawulwa, kunezingxabano eziningi, akufanelekile ukuba amabrendi asemthethweni enze isitolo esikhulu.

Ikhona ezifundeni ezingu-1: i-Europe

Izifunda1
Platform

AliExpress

Inkundla ehamba phambili yokuwela imingcele ye-Alibaba, i-full-managed Choice yokwanda + i-semi-managed/Local+ yokwenziwa kwasendaweni, kufanelekile kubathengisi bochungechunge lokuhlinzekwa lwaseShayina nakubathengisi abanendawo yokugcina yase-EU; inhlawulo ye-DSA engu-€550M nentela yamaphasela engu-€3 kuhlela kabusha imodeli yokuthunyelwa ngqo, isithiyo sokuthobela imithetho sikhuphuke kakhulu.

Ikhona ezifundeni ezingu-2: i-Europe, i-Korea

Izifunda2
Platform

Taobao/Tmall

Kufanelekile kumabrendi nabathengisi abakhulu naphakathi: abathengi abasebenzayo ngonyaka abacishe babe yizigidi eziyikhulu (10亿), isisekelo sezigaba zonke, ithrafikhi inkulu kodwa izikhangiso + izimali zensiza ziphakamisa izindleko, umncintiswano wabathengisi abancane naphakathi uyaqina.

Ikhona ezifundeni ezingu-1: i-China

Izifunda1
Platform

Pinduoduo

Kufanelekile kubathengisi bochungechunge lokuhlinzekwa bamanani aphansi kakhulu (imikhiqizo engenabrendi/imikhiqizo yezolimo/izifunda zemboni): abathengi abangaphezu kwezigidi eziyisishiyagalolunye (9亿+) abasezindaweni ezingaphansi, izindleko zethrafikhi ziphansi, kodwa imithetho ye-refund-only nezinhlawulo inezingxabano ezinkulu, imarjini yenzuzo iyacindezelwa.

Ikhona ezifundeni ezingu-1: i-China

Izifunda1
Platform

JD.com

Kufanelekile kumabrendi emikhiqizo ejwayelekile efana ne-3C/izinto zikagesi nakubathengisi ababeka phambili ulwazi lwezokuthutha: ukuzithengisa + izokuthutha ezakhelwe zona kunomqondo oqine kakhulu wezimpahla zangempela, kodwa inzuzo icindezelwa, imisebenzi emisha efana nokulethwa kokudla ishisa imali.

Ikhona ezifundeni ezingu-1: i-China

Izifunda1
Platform

Douyin Ecommerce

Kufanelekile kubathengisi abanamandla okuqukethwe/okusakaza bukhoma, nemikhiqizo efanele ukuthenga ngesifiso (izimonyo/izingubo/ukudla): isango lethrafikhi likhulu kunazo zonke kodwa izikhangiso ziyabiza, izinga lokubuyiswa liphezulu, kuyanzima ukuzuza.

Ikhona ezifundeni ezingu-1: i-China

Izifunda1
Platform

Kuaishou Ecommerce

Kufanelekile kubathengisi bezimakethe ezingaphansi bemikhiqizo yezolimo/engenabrendi/ezinto zansuku zonke: ukuthengisa ngokwethembana + i-Kuaishou Distribution (快分销) kuqala ngezindleko eziphansi, izimali zisobala kodwa ukukhula kuyehla, kuncike kubasakazi abakhulu.

Ikhona ezifundeni ezingu-1: i-China

Izifunda1
Platform

Rakuten Ichiba

Imakethe evulekile enkulu kunazo zonke eJaphan, amaphuzu + ukusebenzisana kwezezimali kunokuthenga okuphindwayo okuqine kakhulu, amanani nezindleko zokuthunyelwa ziphezulu; kufanelekile kubathengisi abanenhlangano yaseJaphan, abafuna ukutshala kakhulu kumaphromoshini amaphuzu ezigabeni zokuthenga okuphindwayo.

Ikhona ezifundeni ezingu-1: i-Japan

Izifunda1
Platform

Yahoo! Shopping / LINE Yahoo

Indawo yesithathu ye-e-commerce yaseJaphan, ithrafikhi yecosystem ye-Yahoo+LINE+PayPay, ifashini iqinile; kusukela ngo-2025.9 kuye kwaba nokukhokhiswa, kufanelekile kumabrendi aseJaphan afuna ukuthola amakhasimende amasha nge-PayPay.

Ikhona ezifundeni ezingu-1: i-Japan

Izifunda1
Platform

Mercari

Yokuqala kwe-C2C yezinto ezisetshenzisiwe eJaphan, ukuthunyelwa kwamazwe ngamazwe kukhula kakhulu; ngo-2026.1 kwabuyiselwa imali yomthengisi ecishe ibe ngu-10%, kufanelekile kubantu abangabantu/abathengisi abancane nasekuhlanzweni kwesitoko ngamabrendi, akufanelekile ku-B2C yokubeka amanani azinzile.

Ikhona ezifundeni ezingu-1: i-Japan

Izifunda1
Platform

ZOZOTOWN

I-e-commerce yokuqala yefashini eJaphan, i-D2C iyona ehamba phambili + ubuchwepheshe obuhlukanisayo be-ZOZOSUIT, inzuzo izinzile futhi inwebela ezimonyweni; kufanelekile kumabrendi efashini aseJaphan anamandla ebrendi, i-fast fashion yamanzi aphansi ayifanelekile.

Ikhona ezifundeni ezingu-1: i-Japan

Izifunda1
Platform

Coupang

Inkundla yokuqala ngenani lokuthengiselana eKorea yokuzithengisa (1P) + imakethe evulekile (Rocket Growth), ukulethwa kwe-Rocket (ngejubane) nokunamathela kwamalungu e-WOW kuqine kakhulu, kufanelekile kubathengisi abakhulu naphakathi abanochungechunge lokuhlinzekwa oluzinzile, abamarjini yenzuzo ekwazi ukumboza izindleko ezihlanganisiwe ezingaphezu kuka-20%; amanani aphezulu kancane, ukubuyiselwa kwemali kuncane, kudingeka kubalwe ngokucophelela ngaphambi kokungena.

Ikhona ezifundeni ezingu-1: i-Korea

Izifunda1
Platform

Naver Shopping

Isango lokuqala le-e-commerce yokuthola eKorea (ukusesha + ukuhlanganiswa kokuthenga), i-Naver Pay, izitolo zamabrendi nokuthenga kwe-AI (Naver Plus Store) kuhlangana kube umjikelezo ovalekile we-ecosystem, kufanelekile kubathengisi abanenhlangano yaseKorea namandla ebrendi/okuqukethwe; ayikho izokuthutha ezakhelwe zona, abathengisi baphesheya ngokuyisisekelo abakwazi ukujoyina ngqo.

Ikhona ezifundeni ezingu-1: i-Korea

Izifunda1
Platform

11Street

Imakethe evulekile yezinto ezihlukahlukene endala engaphansi kwe-SK Square, ngo-2025 ibhizinisi lemakethe evulekile belinenzuzo izinyanga ezingama-23 zilandelana, ukulahlekelwa jikelele kunciphe ngo-47%; imahle kubathengisi baphesheya (bangajoyina ngokuqinisekiswa kobunikazi), kufanelekile kubathengisi abancane naphakathi abafuna ukusabalalisa ezinkundleni eziningi, kodwa usayizi umehluke kakhulu kwezimbili ezinkulu.

Ikhona ezifundeni ezingu-1: i-Korea

Izifunda1
Platform

Kakao Commerce

I-ecosystem yokuthenga ye-KakaoTalk (i-Gift yokupha izipho + i-Talk Deal + isango lokuthenga), ukusabalalisa kwezenhlalo kwe-IM yezwe lonke enabasebenzisi abacishe babe yizigidi ezingama-50 + umjikelezo ovalekile we-KakaoPay, kufanelekile kumabrendi ezipho/zemaketha yezenhlalo; akusiyo inkundla yezhalofu, ukukhula kwe-e-commerce kwehla (ngo-2025 ukuthengiselana okuhlanganisiwe +6%), amanani ekhomishini awadaluliwe.

Ikhona ezifundeni ezingu-1: i-Korea

Izifunda1
Platform

Flipkart Group

I-marketplace yezigaba zonke enesabelo sokuqala eNdiya (50–60%), kufanelekile kubathengisi abanenhlangano yaseNdiya, abakwazi ukuthengisa ngobuningi bezinto ze-elektroniki/ifashini/zasekhaya; imikhiqizo engaphansi kuka-¥1,000 ihlomula enzuzweni yekhomishini enguziro.

Ikhona ezifundeni ezingu-1: i-India

Izifunda1
Platform

Meesho

Inhloko ye-value e-commerce enekhomishini enguziro, kufanelekile kubathengisi bemikhiqizo ejwayelekile yamanani aphansi ezindaweni zesi-2/3, imifektri/abahwebi abangathengisa ngobuningi ngenzuzo encane; akufanelekile kwimikhiqizo enamanani aphezulu, enokukhokhiswa okunamandla kwebrendi noma edinga ukulethwa ngokushesha.

Ikhona ezifundeni ezingu-1: i-India

Izifunda1
Platform

Zepto

Inkundla yokudayisa ngokushesha (q-comm) yemizuzu engu-10, kufanelekile kumabrendi ezinto ezithengwa njalo/ezansuku zonke ukusebenzisana ngemodeli yokuhlinzeka; abathengi basemadolobheni baqondile kodwa ukushiswa kwemali kuphezulu, abahlinzeki kudingeka bamukele isikhathi sokukhokhelwa nokubekwa kwamanani yinkundla.

Ikhona ezifundeni ezingu-1: i-India

Izifunda1
Platform

Blinkit

Inhloko yokudayisa ngokushesha (ecosystem ye-Eternal/Zomato), incike enethiwekhi yezitolo ezimnyama nasekudonsweni kwethrafikhi ukulethwa kokudla, kufanelekile ekuhlinzekweni kwemikhiqizo yezinto ezithengwa njalo/ezitolo; usayizi mkhulu kodwa ukusetshenziswa kwemali kuyenyuka, indawo yokuxoxisana kwabahlinzeki iyancipha.

Ikhona ezifundeni ezingu-1: i-India

Izifunda1
Platform

Nykaa

Inkundla yokuqala yezimonyo eNdiya (ku-inthanethi + izitolo ezingama-237), kufanelekile kubathengisi bezimonyo nokunakekelwa komzimba abanegunya lebrendi; abathengi baqondile kodwa ikhomishini iphezulu kancane, indawo yemikhiqizo engenabrendi yamanani aphansi ilinganiselwe.

Ikhona ezifundeni ezingu-1: i-India

Izifunda1
Platform

Shopee

Inkundla yezhalofu yomphakathi eyokuqala ngethrafikhi nesabelo emazweni ayisithupha aseSoutheast Asia, kufanelekile kubathengisi abancane naphakathi bokwanda ngobuningi; ukukhushulwa kwezindleko okuqhubekayo nokucindezelwa yi-TikTok Shop yizinto eziguquguqukayo eziyinhloko, iBrazil iyikhoja lesibili lokukhula.

Ikhona ezifundeni ezingu-2: i-Southeast Asia, i-Latin America

Izifunda2
Platform

Lazada

Inkundla endala engaphansi kwe-Alibaba, imboza wonke amazwe ayisithupha aseSoutheast Asia, ithambekela kumabrendi amaphezulu naphakathi nasemqondweni wezimpahla zangempela; kufanelekile kubathengisi abanesimo sebrendi, kodwa isabelo siqhubeka sincishiswa i-Shopee/TikTok Shop, eVietnam icishe yalahlekelwa.

Ikhona ezifundeni ezingu-1: i-Southeast Asia

Izifunda1
Platform

Tiki

Inkundla yaseVietnam ephelele, igatsha le-elektroniki/izincwadi ne-TikiNOW yokulethwa ngosuku olufanayo inedumela, kodwa ukulinganiselwa kwentengo kwehle cishe ngo-99%, isabelo singaphansi kuka-1%, abathengisi bahamba ngobuningi — kufanelekile kuphela kubathengisi abaqalayo ngobuncane begatsha, akukuhle ukuba ibe inkundla enkulu yokusebenza.

Ikhona ezifundeni ezingu-1: i-Southeast Asia

Izifunda1
Platform

Kogan.com

Kufanelekile kubathengisi basendaweni nakubakhiqizi bamabrendi abazimele bezigaba ze-elektroniki/izinto zikagesi/zasekhaya, abangena e-Australia ngokubhalisa kwe-Kogan First nokugcwaliseka kwendawo yokugcina yasendaweni; kodwa i-FY25 yalahlekelwa, usayizi mncane, akusiyo inketho yokuqala yethrafikhi.

Ikhona ezifundeni ezingu-1: i-Australia / i-NZ

Izifunda1
Platform

SHEIN

Kufanelekile emifektri namabrendi ezindwangu/izinto zokuhlobisa zaseShayina anochungechunge lokuhlinzekwa oluguquguqukayo (ama-oda amancane ukuphendula ngokushesha), ukungena ku-Generation Z kuqine kakhulu; ukulawulwa kokuphepha kwemikhiqizo kwe-ACCC, izingxabano zentela nokuguquguquka kwenqubomgomo yizingozi ezinkulu.

Ikhona ezifundeni ezingu-1: i-Australia / i-NZ

Izifunda1
Platform

Mercado Libre

Inhloko ephelele yaseLatin America (i-FY2025 GMV icishe ibe ngu-US$65B, imboza amazwe angu-18), kufanelekile kumabrendi nabathengisi abayimifektri abagxile emakethe yaseBrazil/Mexico; i-ecosystem iphelele kunazo zonke kodwa amanani ahlanganisiwe aphakeme, izingxabano azipheli.

Ikhona ezifundeni ezingu-1: i-Latin America

Izifunda1
Platform

Magazine Luiza (Magalu)

Umdayisi omkhulu wazo zonke iziteshi eBrazil wezinto ze-elektroniki/ifenisha, kufanelekile kubathengisi bamabrendi abanamandla okusebenza kwasendaweni, abancike ekuthengeni ngezicucu; esikhathini sokuncipha kwe-e-commerce ithrafikhi ilinganiselwe, ukubambisana ne-Amazon kuyinto entsha eguquguqukayo.

Ikhona ezifundeni ezingu-1: i-Latin America

Izifunda1
Platform

Grupo Casas Bahia

Ukudayisa okwenziwa ngesikweletu ezimakethe ezingaphansi zaseBrazil (Casas Bahia + Ponto), kufanelekile kubahlinzeki basendaweni bezigaba ezidingekayo zezinto zikagesi/ifenisha; ngaphansi kwesithunzi sokuvuselelwa kwezinkantolo kufanelekile kuphela kubathengisi abamukela izingozi eziphezulu.

Ikhona ezifundeni ezingu-1: i-Latin America

Izifunda1
Platform

Noon

Inhloko yaseGulf yasekhaya, iheha abathengisi ngekhomishini ephansi nangaphandle kwemali yanyanga, izokuthutha/izinkokhelo ezakhelwe zona zihambisana ne-COD nokulethwa ngosuku olufanayo, kufanelekile kubathengisi abawela imingcele abakwazi ukuthwala ukuthobela imithetho yaseMpumalanga Ephakathi ukuze baqale ukwanda ngokushesha; inani: idatha ayisobala, isenokungazuzi.

Ikhona ezifundeni ezingu-1: i-MEA

Izifunda1
Platform

Jumia

Yokuqala e-Afrika yonke, iyona kuphela i-e-commerce esemakethe, i-JumiaPay + izokuthutha ezakhelwe zona; kufanelekile kubathengisi abafuna ukuzibeka esimweni sokuthola inzuzo yokukhokha ngomakhalekhukhwini wase-Afrika, kodwa isalokhu ilahlekelwa, igxile eziteshini eziyinhloko, kudingeka kwamukelwe isisekelo esiphansi nobungozi bokushintshana kwemali.

Ikhona ezifundeni ezingu-1: i-MEA

Izifunda1
Platform

Takealot

Yokuqala eNingizimu Afrika, i-FY26 yazuza inzuzo yonyaka wonke okokuqala (imali engenayo cishe $1B); kufanelekile kubathengisi bamanani aphezulu naphakathi abafuna ukungena emandleni okukhula kokungena ku-inthanethi kweNingizimu Afrika, kudingeka babhekane nokuhlaselwa kwamanani aphansi kwe-Amazon SA/SHEIN/Temu.

Ikhona ezifundeni ezingu-1: i-MEA

Izifunda1
Platform

Trendyol

Isuper-app yokuqala eTurkey, ifashini iyona ehamba phambili (i-Alibaba inamasheya amaningi); kufanelekile kubathengisi bamabrendi abafuna ukungena eTurkey/GCC ngochungechunge lokuhlinzekwa lwaseShayina, kudingeka babhekane nokwehla kwe-lira nezithiyo eziqinile ze-GCC zendawo yokugcina phesheya + VAT.

Ikhona ezifundeni ezingu-1: i-MEA

Izifunda1